肩关节脱位的手法复位有什么

肩关节脱位手法复位有足蹬法、科氏法、牵引推拿法，复位后需三角巾悬吊患肢，3周后开始逐渐活动肩部。

1.足蹬法：患者侧卧，患侧在上，助手用布单通过腋下向上牵拉固定，医生双手握住患肢腕部，足跟置于患侧腋窝，两手用稳定持续的力量牵引，牵引中足跟向外推挤肱骨头，同时旋转、内收上臂即可复位。复位时可听到响声。

2.科氏法：患者仰卧，术者立于患侧，用.bootstrap-select:not(.disabled):not(.open):focus{border-color:66afe9;outline:0;-webkit-box-shadow:inset01px1pxrgba(0,0,0,.075),008pxrgba(102,175,233,.6);box-shadow:inset01px1pxrgba(0,0,0,.075),008pxrgba(102,175,233,.6);}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{width:100%;padding-right:25px;z-index:1;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-toggle:active,.bootstrap-select.open.dropdown-toggle{outline:0;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu{min-width:100%;padding:5px0;margin:2px0;overflow-x:hidden;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:06px12pxrgba(0,0,0,.175);box-shadow:06px12pxrgba(0,0,0,.175);border:1pxsolidccc;border:1pxsolidrgba(0,0,0,.15);-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a{padding:3px20px;clear:both;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.42857143;color:333;white-space:nowrap;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a:hover,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a:focus{color:262626;background-color:f5f5f5;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a:hover,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a:focus{color:fff;background-color:428bca;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{height:34px;padding:5px12px;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle:hover,.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle:focus{border-color:262626!important;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menuliaspan.check-mark{display:none;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menulia:hoverspan.check-mark{display:inline-block;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menuli.selectedaspan.check-mark{display:inline-block;}.bootstrap-select.disabled,.bootstrap-select.disabled:hover,.bootstrap-select.disabled:focus{cursor:not-allowed;}.bootstrap-select.disabled>.dropdown-toggle{cursor:not-allowed;}.bootstrap-select[disabled]>.dropdown-toggle,fieldset[disabled].bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{background-color:eee;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menu>li>a.disabled:hover,.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menu>li>a.disabled:focus{color:777!important;background-color:transparent!important;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.open>.dropdown-toggle{z-index:1061;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:before{content:'';border-left:7pxsolidtransparent;border-right:7pxsolidtransparent;border-bottom:7pxsolidrgba(204,204,204,0.4);position:absolute;bottom:-4px;left:9px;display:none;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:after{content:'';border-left:6pxsolidtransparent;border-right:6pxsolidtransparent;border-bottom:6pxsolidfff;position:absolute;bottom:-4px;left:10px;display:none;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:hover:before{border-bottom-color:563d7c;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:hover:after{border-bottom-color:32264d;}患者仰卧，术者用一手握住患肢腕部，另一手用拇指按压肱骨头，同时将患肢外展、外旋，然后内收、内旋，即可复位。复位后，将患肢保持在内收、内旋位置，用三角巾悬吊于胸前，3周后开始逐渐进行肩部摆动和旋转活动，但要注意避免过度外展、外旋，以防再脱位。

3.牵引推拿法：患者仰卧，术者用.bootstrap-select:not(.disabled):not(.open):focus{border-color:66afe9;outline:0;-webkit-box-shadow:inset01px1pxrgba(0,0,0,.075),008pxrgba(102,175,233,.6);box-shadow:inset01px1pxrgba(0,0,0,.075),008pxrgba(102,175,233,.6);}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{width:100%;padding-right:25px;z-index:1;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-toggle:active,.bootstrap-select.open.dropdown-toggle{outline:0;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu{min-width:100%;padding:5px0;margin:2px0;overflow-x:hidden;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:06px12pxrgba(0,0,0,.175);box-shadow:06px12pxrgba(0,0,0,.175);border:1pxsolidccc;border:1pxsolidrgba(0,0,0,.15);-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a{padding:3px20px;clear:both;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.42857143;color:333;white-space:nowrap;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a:hover,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>li>a:focus{color:262626;background-color:f5f5f5;}.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a:hover,.bootstrap-select.dropdown-menu>.active>a:focus{color:fff;background-color:428bca;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{height:34px;padding:5px12px;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle:hover,.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle:focus{border-color:262626!important;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menuliaspan.check-mark{display:none;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menulia:hoverspan.check-mark{display:inline-block;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menuli.selectedaspan.check-mark{display:inline-block;}.bootstrap-select.disabled,.bootstrap-select.disabled:hover,.bootstrap-select.disabled:focus{cursor:not-allowed;}.bootstrap-select.disabled>.dropdown-toggle{cursor:not-allowed;}.bootstrap-select[disabled]>.dropdown-toggle,fieldset[disabled].bootstrap-select>.dropdown-toggle{background-color:eee;}.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menu>li>a.disabled:hover,.bootstrap-select>.dropdown-menu>li>a.disabled:focus{color:777!important;background-color:transparent!important;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.open>.dropdown-toggle{z-index:1061;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:before{content:'';border-left:7pxsolidtransparent;borderright:7pxsolidtransparent;border-bottom:7pxsolidrgba(204,204,204,0.4);position:absolute;bottom:-4px;left:9px;display:none;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:after{content:'';border-left:6pxsolidtransparent;borderright:6pxsolidtransparent;border-bottom:6pxsolidfff;position:absolute;bottom:-4px;left:10px;display:none;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:hover:before{border-bottom-color:563d7c;}.bootstrap-select.show-menu-arrow.dropdown-toggle:hover:after{border-bottom-color:32264d;}患肢肘部贴近胸壁，术者用双手握住患肢腕部，沿其纵轴牵引，待肱骨头移动到原来的位置后，再将患肢外展、外旋，即可复位。复位后，用三角巾将患肢悬吊于胸前，3周后开始逐渐进行肩部活动。

需要注意的是，肩关节脱位的手法复位需要在专业医生的指导下进行，复位后需要注意休息，避免剧烈运动和过度劳累，同时要注意肩部的保暖，避免受寒。如果复位后出现肩部疼痛、肿胀、活动受限等症状，应及时就医。